Hi Jcasey 
As you mentioned that the Web
Launch Web Server Configuration Tool also shows [localhost:cfusion] Internet Information Server (IIS) : All then check the handler mappings in IIS on server level. Click/Highlight on IIS Server name (Above Application Pool in left panel), and then click on Handler Mappings. Check out the handler for ColdFusion like cfc, cfm, etc are showing or not. If yes, then check just double click on any one of them and check the exectuable. Is the path of the executable is : C:\ColdFusion10\config\wsconfig\1\isapi_redirect.dll. If yes, then you you will be able to server .cfm in any of your website under IIS. You can repeat the same process for your Sites in IIS as well just to know whether any of them is still configured with MX 7 or not (just to be sure 
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If no, then Launch Web Server Configuration Tool as Run as Admin, highlight All and remove. go to C:\ColdFusion10\config\wsconfig and check the connector folder 1 is still there or not. If not, then Launch Web Server Configuration Tool as Run as Admin and create a connector with All once again or just for testing purpose any one of the site.
Check the handler mapping depending upon the option (All/Site) that you choose and then test any of the .cfm page
Hope it helps
Thanks
VJ